Suchergebnisse

Este artículo recoge las vivencias de mujeres con familiares detenidos-desaparecidos durante la última dictadura militar (Argentina, 1976-1983) y mujeres que sobrevivieron a las cárceles y/o Centros Clandestinos de Detención en la Provincia de Jujuy. A través de entrevistas en profundidad y cuestionarios, los autores pretenden: a) visibilizar las memorias del pasado represivo jujeño desde la percepción de las mujeres; b) explorar el impacto psicosocial de la violencia y las estrategias de afrontamiento esgrimidas para enfrentar el dolor y la represión y, c) conocer sus creencias acerca de las medidas de reparación y justicia aprobadas desde el inicio de la democracia hasta el año en que esta investigación fue concluida (2008).

Loneliness, social isolation and exclusion are worldwide social problems with negative effects which are exacerbated in deprived groups and communities. From a qualitative perspective, this paper examines the approach to loneliness in 62 community-based social inclusion centres and programmes for people experiencing exclusion in the Basque Country (Spain). The aim of the study was to identify good practice in dealing with loneliness in centres and programmes and to understand the main challenges in providing support from the perspective of practitioners. The results show that best practices focus on individualised or person-centred interventions, the generation of interaction spaces that promote social relations, accompaniment as an intervention tool, empowerment and community participation, and employment and socio-professional training. The main challenges and difficulties are grouped into four levels. These include the users' own individual difficulties (lack of motivation, progressive deterioration and poor social skills, etc.). To a lesser extent, insufficient professionalisation of inclusion services, insufficient resources (lack of human and material means) and society's own difficulties such as stigma and social rejection are mentioned. It discusses the community intervention implications that practitioners can take into account to mitigate the loneliness of people at risk and/or socially excluded.

Este estudio analiza la actitud hacia el pasado represivo, así como el conocimiento, impacto y valoración que las diferentes generaciones argentinas tienen acerca de las medidas transicionales implementadas en relación a la dictadura militar. La muestra se compone de personas que vivieron dicho periodo siendo ya adultas (n = 62) y personas que nacieron después del inicio de la democracia (n = 203). De los resultados se extrae que los más jóvenes son quienes menos conocimiento tienen sobre el pasado y quienes más información desean tener, más importancia conceden a las medidas que contribuyen la difusión de lo ocurrido, la defensa de los derechos humanos, la reparación a las víctimas o los cambios institucionales. Además, son quienes con más eficacia perciben en los juicios por delitos de lesa humanidad que se están celebrando en la actualidad, quienes menos deseo muestran de reconciliarse y quienes más participan en actividades de recuerdo de las víctimas y referidas a la defensa y promoción de los derechos humanos.AbstractThis study analyzes the attitude towards the repressive past and the knowledge, impact and valuationthat the different generations in Argentina have about the transitional measures implemented in relationto the military dictatorship. The sample is composed by people who lived in the mentioned period being already adults (n=62) and people who were bornafter the beginning of the democracy (n= 203).Results show that younger people are the oneswith less knowledge on the past although theyare wishing to have more information about it.They grant more importance to measures suchas the diffusion of what happened, the defenseof human rights, the reparation to victims or theinstitutional changes and they also perceive higherefficacy in trials for crimes against humanity thatare taking place today. Furthermore, they showto have the least desire for reconciliation but arethe ones who participate more in activities inorder to remember the victims and to defend thehuman rights.KeywordsArgentina, human rights, transitionaljustice, generations.

Este estudio analiza la actitud hacia el pasado represivo, así como el conocimiento, impacto y valoración que las diferentes generaciones argentinas tienen acerca de las medidas transicionales implementadas en relación a la dictadura militar. La muestra se compone de personas que vivieron dicho periodo siendo ya adultas (n = 62) y personas que nacieron después del inicio de la democracia (n = 203). De los resultados se extrae que los más jóvenes son quienes menos conocimiento tienen sobre el pasado y quienes más información desean tener, más importancia conceden a las medidas que contribuyen la difusión de lo ocurrido, la defensa de los derechos humanos, la reparación a las víctimas o los cambios institucionales. Además, son quienes con más eficacia perciben en los juicios por delitos de lesa humanidad que se están celebrando en la actualidad, quienes menos deseo muestran de reconciliarse y quienes más participan en actividades de recuerdo de las víctimas y referidas a la defensa y promoción de los derechos humanos.AbstractThis study analyzes the attitude towards the repressive past and the knowledge, impact and valuationthat the different generations in Argentina have about the transitional measures implemented in relationto the military dictatorship. The sample is composed by people who lived in the mentioned period being already adults (n=62) and people who were bornafter the beginning of the democracy (n= 203).Results show that younger people are the oneswith less knowledge on the past although theyare wishing to have more information about it.They grant more importance to measures suchas the diffusion of what happened, the defenseof human rights, the reparation to victims or theinstitutional changes and they also perceive higherefficacy in trials for crimes against humanity thatare taking place today. Furthermore, they showto have the least desire for reconciliation but arethe ones who participate more in activities inorder to remember the victims and to defend thehuman rights.KeywordsArgentina, human rights, transitionaljustice, generations.

Loneliness and social isolation are widely recognized problems facing society. Women in situations of economic and social vulnerability are particularly impacted by loneliness. Yet, we know less about the intersectional dimensions of women's experiences. The study, carried out in Basque Country (Spain) used phenomenological interviews and non-random sampling ( N = 8) to explore the subjective experiences of loneliness among women clients at community social services using an intersectional approach as an analytical strategy. Intersectionality theory provides insight into how different forms of marginalization intersect to shape the experiences of loneliness of women with high social disadvantages. Among other aspects, the study explores the intersection of loneliness with different variables such as gender, socio-economic and residential inequality, migratory status, as well as physical or mental health problems. The results yielded four themes associated with the loneliness of women, with an interweaving of gender in different axes of exclusion: loneliness and unfulfilled need for meaningful relationships; vulnerability to situations of violence suffered during life; social and economic inequality and responsibility for care; and multiple stigma and discrimination. From a practical perspective, this study identifies policy implications that can be used by social workers to understand and mitigate women's loneliness in community social services.

Este estudio analiza la actitud hacia el pasado represivo, así como el conocimiento, impacto y valoración que las diferentes generaciones argentinas tienen acerca de las medidas transicionales implementadas en relación a la dictadura militar. La muestra se compone de personas que vivieron dicho periodo siendo ya adultas (n = 62) y personas que nacieron después del inicio de la democracia (n = 203). De los resultados se extrae que los más jóvenes son quienes menos conocimiento tienen sobre el pasado y quienes más información desean tener, más importancia conceden a las medidas que contribuyen la difusión de lo ocurrido, la defensa de los derechos humanos, la reparación a las víctimas o los cambios institucionales. Además, son quienes más eficacia perciben en los juicios por Delitos de Lesa Humanidad que se están celebrando en la actualidad, quienes menos deseo muestran de reconciliarse y quienes más participan en actividades de recuerdo de las víctimas y referidas a la defensa y promoción de los derechos humanos. ; This study analyzes the attitude towards the repressive past and the knowledge, impact and valuationthat the different generations in Argentina have about the transitional measures implemented in relationto the military dictatorship. The sample is composed by people who lived in the mentioned period being already adults (n=62) and people who were bornafter the beginning of the democracy (n= 203).Results show that younger people are the oneswith less knowledge on the past although theyare wishing to have more information about it.They grant more importance to measures suchas the diffusion of what happened, the defenseof human rights, the reparation to victims or theinstitutional changes and they also perceive higherefficacy in trials for crimes against humanity thatare taking place today. Furthermore, they showto have the least desire for reconciliation but arethe ones who participate more in activities inorder to remember the victims and to defend thehuman rights. ; Fil: Arnoso, Maitane. Universidad del País Vasco; España ; Fil: Cárdenas, Manuel. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso; Chile ; Fil: Muratori, Marcela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentina ; Fil: Zubieta, Elena Mercedes. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina ; Fil: Páez, Darío. Universidad del País Vasco; España ; Fil: Bombelli, Juan Ignacio. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina

There is increasing evidence to show that torture is a serious problem in the Basque Country. Whilst such evidence can be found in reports of international human rights monitoring bodies, sentences of Spanish and international courts, and empirical studies, they are limited in not having followed the Istanbul Protocol (IP) in order to evaluate the reliability of torture. A working group composed of professional associations of psychiatrists, psychologists, physicians, and lawyers, in collaboration with the University of the Basque Country, conducted a four-year study on the medical and psychological consequences of torture in incommunicado detainees, including an assessment of credibility in line with the IP. The methodological design included a multi-level peer-reviewed blind assessment and input by an external expert (from the Independent Forensic Expert Group facilitated by the International Rehabilitation Council for Torture Victims (IRCT)). A sample of 45 Basque people held in short-term incommunicado detention under anti-terrorist legislation (between 1980 and 2012) in Spain who had reported ill-treatment or torture was selected. The findings are divided into four papers: the present introductory paper; the second analyses the credibility of the allegations of torture and introduces an innovative methodology that enhances the IP, the Standardized Evaluation Form (SEC); the third provides an analysis of the methods of torture and introduces the concept of Torturing Environments; and, in the last paper, the psychological and psychiatric consequences of incommunicado detention are analyzed. The collection of papers are intended to be useful not only in the documentation of torture in the Basque Country and Spain but also as an innovative example of how the IP can be used for research purposes.